Welcome to Shearman & Sterling’s FinTech Blog, where we provide you with insight on key trends in the FinTech ecosystem. Here you can find relevant information with the latest on digital banking, FinTech regulation, digital assets, blockchain, AI, and more.
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U.K. Regulators Take Steps to Establish Financial Services AI Public Private Forum
01/23/2020The Bank of England and the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority are establishing the Financial Services AI Public Private Forum that Governor Mark Carney announced in June 2019. The regulators are calling for expressions of interest to join the forum from a range of sectors, including, but not limited to: (i) asset and investment management; (ii) banking; (iii) financial market infrastructure; (iv) FinTech; (v) insurance; (vi) non-governmental organizations; and (vii) technology service providers.
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U.K. Court Confirms Bitcoin Status as Property for Certain Proprietary Claims
01/17/2020A U.K. court has granted an interim proprietary injunction over Bitcoin held in an account of a cryptocurrency exchange after it had been transferred there as part of a cyber attack on a Canadian insurance company. The judgment in AA v Persons Unknown & Ors, Re Bitcoin [2019] EWHC 3556 (Comm) was given on December 13, 2019, and following the lifting of reporting restrictions, was released for publication on January 17, 2020. In coming to its decision, the High Court adopted the analysis as to the proprietary status of crypto assets set out in the recent legal statement by the U.K. Jurisdiction Taskforce. Although each case will depend on the relevant facts and issues, the decision confirms that crypto assets are a form of property capable of being the subject of a proprietary injunction.
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UK Legal Statement on CryptoAssets and Smart Contracts
11/18/2019The UK Jurisdiction Taskforce has published a legal statement on cryptoassets and smart contracts under English private law. UKJT is part of the LawTech Delivery Panel, an industry-led group established in 2018, with the aim of identifying barriers and opportunities for growth. The legal statement provides the UKJT's view of the principles applicable under English and Welsh private law for determining when a cryptoasset will be considered property and when an enforceable contract is concluded through a smart contract. The intention of the statement is to help improve confidence among market participants and investors due to the perception of legal uncertainty on the legal status of cryptoassets and smart contracts.
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Distilling U.S. Regulatory Environment and Market Access Considerations for Growing FinTechs
10/22/2019The rise of global FinTech has brought markets together and enabled cross-border business formation and innovation, but local regulations still prevail worldwide. The United States, with its developed capital markets, solid investor base and deep pool of talent within the finance and technology sectors, is a desirable location for FinTech businesses to expand or launch operations. But it’s also home to one of the most complex and sophisticated regulatory regimes in the world.
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Shearman & Sterling’s Fintech Foundry, this week, launched Entering the U.S. Market: A Guide for Fintech Firms, a demystifying overview of the issues, regulations and resources that FinTechs from the United Kingdom and around the world will want to be aware of before they expand into the U.S. -
Building a Data Business
10/7/2019Shearman & Sterling partners Emma Maconick, Nathan Greene and Barney Reynolds and counsel Sara Ashall discussed the business-planning considerations around building a data business at a recent roundtable event, moderated by Of Counsel Simon Dodds.
The amount of data available to institutions and its infusion into all aspects of business is one of the key developments of the past few years. Data brings with it a range of interesting and complex legal issues, including data ownership, data privacy and cyber. These issues are particularly challenging because they are novel, at least in the data context. -
Celebrating the One-Year Anniversary of Shearman & Sterling’s FinTech Foundry
09/24/2019It’s been a year since the launch of the FinTech Foundry, Shearman & Sterling’s program dedicated to supporting the FinTech-related activities of our clients and the wider global FinTech ecosystem. The FinTech Foundry touches upon every facet of the FinTech industry, including financial institutions, VCs, accelerators and incubators, startups, policymakers and more, and has put Shearman & Sterling at the forefront of advising on the latest developments in FinTech.
Over the last year, we have immersed ourselves in the FinTech ecosystem, and to commemorate the 12 months since our launch, we’ve put together a roundup of some of our industry observations and areas that our FinTech Foundry team has been watching, including those related to digital assets, open banking, big data, cybersecurity AI, challenger banks, regulatory sandboxes, antitrust, data privacy and more! -
U.K. Regulator Provides Guidance on Regulatory Perimeter and Crypto-Assets
08/05/2019The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has published a Policy Statement and final Guidance on Crypto-assets. The Policy Statement summarizes the feedback received to the FCA's consultation on draft Guidance and sets out the FCA's response to that feedback. The final Guidance is, for the most part, the same as that on which the FCA consulted, except the FCA has made some drafting changes to provide further clarity and has added some guidance on stablecoins and airdrops. In addition, the FCA has revised the taxonomy by making a distinction between: (i) unregulated tokens, which are exchange tokens and utility tokens; and (ii) regulated tokens, which are security and e-money tokens.
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U.K. Conduct Regulator Proposes Banning the Sale to Retail Clients of Derivatives Referencing Crypto-Assets
07/09/2019The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has launched a consultation proposing to restrict the sale, marketing and distribution of derivatives and exchange-traded notes (ETNs) that reference certain types of unregulated, transferable crypto-asset to all retail clients by firms in, or from, the U.K. The FCA consultation follows the final report of the U.K. Crypto-Assets Task Force in October 2018. The FCA's view is that although the U.K.'s market in crypto-assets is relatively small, there is still a consumer protection issue that needs to be addressed.
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U.K. Financial Conduct Regulator Seeks Input on a Cross-Border Sandbox
06/07/2019The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has published a Call for Input on a Cross-Sector Sandbox, seeking input on whether a U.K. cross-sector sandbox is needed. The FCA has observed that due to emerging technologies, business models are constantly changing in all markets and that firms are diversifying into different sectors. In addition, across all sectors, firms are increasingly using big data. As a result, the FCA believes that the different sectoral U.K. regulators need to find new practical ways of collaborating. The FCA recently undertook a study into how a cross-sector sandbox involving multiple regulators could be established, engaging with a range of regulators, such as the Civil Aviation Authority, the Gambling Commission, the Information Commissioner's Office, Ofcom, Ofgem and the Prudential Regulation Authority, a small group of firms and other stakeholders. The study showed that there is potential for a cross-sector sandbox, but that further discussion is needed to understand the degree of interest and need before an operating model can be developed.
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U.S.-U.K. Financial Innovation Partnership Announced
05/29/2019The U.S.-U.K. Financial Regulatory Working Group has announced the establishment of a Financial Innovation Partnership between the U.S. and the U.K. The objective of the Partnership is to strengthen bilateral engagement on emerging trends in financial services innovation. It will focus on regulatory engagement and commercial engagement by providing opportunities for the private sector in one country to engage with industry associations and market participants in the other country.
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U.K. Conduct Regulator Consults on Guidance on Crypto-Assets and the U.K. Regulatory Perimeter
01/23/2019The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has launched a consultation on proposed Guidance on whether certain crypto-assets fall within the U.K.'s regulatory perimeter (CP19/3). The FCA's consultation is in response to one of the commitments made by the U.K. Cryptoasset Taskforce last year in its final Cryptoassets Report. The Taskforce was established in March 2018 and comprises representatives from HM Treasury, the FCA and the Bank of England. The FCA's consultation closes on April 5, 2019. The FCA intends to publish the final Guidance on the existing regulatory perimeter in relation to crypto-assets by summer 2019.
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UK Crypto-Assets Task Force Outlines the Path to Crypto-Asset Regulation
11/06/2018The U.K. Crypto-Assets Task Force has published its Final Report. Established in March 2018 by the U.K. Chancellor of the Exchequer as part of the U.K. government's FinTech Sector Strategy, the Task Force comprises representatives from HM Treasury, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and the Bank of England.
The Task Force engaged with over 60 firms and other stakeholders to seek their views on topics including: the trajectory of the industry, the risks, benefits and underlying economic value of crypto-assets and the U.K.’s future regulatory approach. Stakeholders were of the view that there is a lack of regulatory clarity in the U.K. and that regulation should be introduced to support the legitimate players in the crypto-assets market. It is also crucial in mitigating risks. There were also calls for regulatory and tax frameworks to be aligned.
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UK Parliamentary Committee Calls For Urgent Regulation of Crypto-Assets
09/21/2018The U.K. House of Commons Treasury Committee has published a report calling for crypto-assets to be regulated in the U.K. as a matter of urgency. The Treasury Committee considers that the current "ambiguity of the UK Government and regulators' position is clearly not sustainable" and is recommending that an amendment be made to the Regulated Activities Order to bring crypto-assets within the U.K. regulatory perimeter, supervised by the Financial Conduct Authority. The Committee does not specify in the report the activity related to crypto-assets that should go into the RAO, but recommends that it should at least include the issuance of crypto-assets through Initial Coin Offerings and the provision of crypto-exchange services. This will, according to the Committee's report, address anti-money laundering risks and consumer protection, aligning investor protections with those adopted in the U.S.
The Committee is also seeking the certain action be taken by the Government and the U.K. regulators.
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UK Financial Conduct Authority Sets out Good Practice for Handling Financial Crime Risks from Crypto-Assets
06/11/2018The U.K. Financial Conduct Authority has published a "Dear CEO" letter to U.K. authorized banks, setting out its views on best practice that banks should adopt for handling the financial crime risks that may be posed by so-called crypto-assets. The FCA uses this term to refer to any publicly available electronic medium of exchange that features a distributed ledger and a decentralized system for exchange. Crypto-assets include crypto-currencies, a well-known example of which is Bitcoin. The FCA acknowledges that crypto-assets can be used without any criminal motives. However, the fact that crypto-assets can be held relatively anonymously and can be readily transferred between countries can make them attractive for criminal purposes. Banks should adopt proportionate measures to mitigate the risk that they are used to facilitate financial crimes involving crypto-assets.
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FCA Clarifies Its Position on Virtual Currency Derivatives
04/06/2018
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Government of Gibraltar Publishes Outline of Forthcoming Token Regulatory Framework
03/14/2018On March 14, 2018, the Government of Gibraltar published a white paper outlining forthcoming proposals to regulate token sales, secondary token market platforms and token investment services.
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Donegan & Serrato Discuss the Emergence of U.K. Crowdfunding as a Mainstream Financial Service in Payments & FinTech Lawyer
08/2017Thomas Donegan, Jeewon Serrato and Anna Doyle authored an article in the August 2017 issue of Payments & FinTech Lawyer discussing the growth of crowdfunding following the Financial Conduct Authority’s (FCA) granting of full authorization to two of the U.K.’s largest peer-to-peer lending platforms.
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